@InProceedings{GherardiPaeSoaPezKay:2010:ImClVa,
               author = "Gherardi, Douglas Francisco Marcolino and Paes, Eduardo Tavares 
                         and Soares, Helena C and Pezzi, Luciano Ponzi and Kayano, Mary T",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)}",
                title = "Impact of climate variability on large marine ecosystems of the 
                         western south atlantic",
                 year = "2010",
         organization = "The Meeting of the Americas.",
             keywords = "Ecosystems, structure and dynamics, impacts of global change, 
                         climate and interannual variability.",
             abstract = "Large marine ecosystems (LMEs) are functional units used for 
                         environmental assessment and management and is based on four 
                         ecological criteria: bathymetry, hydrography, productivity, and 
                         trophycally-related populations. Despite their importance, the 
                         response of LMEs to climate changes is unlikely to be controlled 
                         by the ecological criteria used in their definition. This is 
                         because productivity and trophic relations are endmembers of a 
                         chain of events that starts with physical processes not 
                         necessarily bounded by LMEs as they are defined today. There is an 
                         apparent mismatch between the currently defined LME boundaries in 
                         Brazil and the spatial coherence of the western South Atlantic 
                         (SA) ocean response to global climatic events. Significant (at 5% 
                         level) correlation fields were calculated for selected climate 
                         indices representing remote (Niņo 3) and within-basin (Tropical 
                         Atlantic Variability, TAV and Antarctic Oscillation Index, AAO) 
                         forcing and sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA), wind stress 
                         anomaly (WSA), and outgoing longwave radiation anomaly (OLRA) for 
                         the western SA, using detrended and wavelet filtered data to 
                         identify interannual correlation patterns. Data used in this work 
                         are monthly gridded series from 1948 to 2008 (except for AAO and 
                         OLRA starting at 1979 and 1977, respectivelly). Correlations 
                         indicate that there is a separation between the north and east 
                         Brazil coasts located halfway between the boundaries of LMEs. 
                         Correlation fields point to important differences in the influence 
                         of remote (Niņo 3) and within-basin (AAO) variability on the 
                         western SA. The influence of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation phase 
                         shift also caused dramatic changes in the spatial distribution of 
                         correlations. The assumption that LMEs along the Brazilian coast 
                         coherently respond to global climate changes, and that these can 
                         be used to monitor their impacts should be taken with caution. 
                         Results suggest that productivity and trophic relations in these 
                         LMEs are unlikely to generate interpretable responses at the 
                         ecosystem level in the interannual time scale. It is, therefore, 
                         strongly recommended the combined use of coupled ocean-climate and 
                         ecological models as a means to elaborate the possible mechanisms 
                         linking climate change and the functioning of LMEs in Brazil.",
  conference-location = "Foz do Igua{\c{c}}u, BR",
      conference-year = "08-12 Aug. 2010",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Gherardi_impact.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "09 maio 2024"
}